New Insights from EFSA on African Swine Fever Prevention

Recent information from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reveals that while fencing can help control the spread of African swine fever (ASF), it must be used alongside other measures for maximum effectiveness.

The latest analysis also highlights the potential role of insects in virus transmission but emphasizes the need for further research in this area.

Fencing and Additional Measures

Fencing, when combined with culling, carcass removal, and existing road infrastructure, can aid in controlling ASF in wild boars. However, its success depends on timely implementation, adaptability to changing epidemiological situations, and regular maintenance. Natural barriers such as large rivers or urban areas can also limit the movement of wild boars.

Wild Boar Density

Although wild boar density is a relevant factor, the analysis did not find a clear and consistent effect. Other factors, such as habitat, climate, and potential barriers, also play a role in virus transmission, but more data is needed for a comprehensive understanding.

Immunocontraception

EFSA experts have examined the use of immunocontraception to reduce wild boar populations. They found that further research is required to develop a safe and effective oral vaccine. Such efforts should consider the long-term environmental impact, among other factors.

Insects as Potential Vectors

The report explored the role of ticks and insects as potential virus carriers. While ticks have not been responsible for spreading the virus in the EU over the past decade, the role of biting flies remains uncertain and requires further investigation.

Domestic Pigs

For domestic pigs, strict biosecurity measures and specific management practices are crucial to prevent the introduction of the virus into farms. This includes safely storing bedding material, using insect screens, and avoiding manure spread from nearby farms, particularly in areas where ASF is present.

Ongoing Efforts