In the dynamic context of Romania’s food market—shaped by rising production costs and inflationary pressures—the Competition Council (CC) has recently launched an investigation into the dairy sector, targeting the main retail chains operating in the country. According to an article in Forbes Romania, the inquiry focuses on the dairy segment—one of the most sensitive in terms of cost structure and market distribution.

The authority’s analysis examines possible anti-competitive practices by large retail networks, such as abuse of dominant position in negotiations with dairy processors or suppliers, and potential agreements on prices, margins, or contractual terms that may distort competition. Another report notes that the major retail chains could face fines of up to 10% of their annual turnover if violations of competition law are confirmed.

For the dairy industry, this development carries significant implications: farmers, processors, and retailers must pay closer attention to negotiation methods, contract structures, and supply-chain transparency. Such scrutiny could lead to a review of price-formation mechanisms—both at the farm gate and in retail—and to a realignment of power relations among market players. For consumers, increased oversight could result in a more balanced and competitive market, with potential benefits in terms of price stability and product availability.

Looking ahead, the industry can expect several key developments:

1. The need for stronger internal compliance and control procedures, from production to shelf;
2. The possible introduction of additional regulations clarifying the commercial relationship between retail and processing;
3. A stronger focus on documenting and reporting contracts, delivery terms, margins, and listing conditions.

As a result, actors across the dairy sector should intensify their efforts toward self-regulation and proactive cooperation with the Competition Council, reducing the risk of penalties while contributing to a more transparent and sustainable framework.

In conclusion, the ongoing investigation by the Competition Council marks a turning point for Romania’s dairy sector. Between 2025 and 2026, the reconfiguration of commercial relations, the emphasis on transparency, and compliance with competition rules will define the competitiveness and long-term sustainability of the dairy value chain. Market participants must act preventively—reassessing their practices and preparing strategies adapted to this evolving regulatory environment.